The history of oriental dance costumes in Lebanon, Egypt, and Turkey reflects the rich cultural heritage and historical evolution of the Middle East. Each region has its own unique style and influences that have shaped the development of these costumes over time.

Oriental dance costumes offer an original mix of tradition and grace. Complex designs and top-notch materials make these costumes the ideal choice for belly dancers. Their appearance enhances performance, while also honoring the cultural history of this art form.

Fabrics like chiffon and silk are chosen for their breathability and flexibility, allowing dancers to move freely. Fit and movement ensure that performers can express themselves without restriction.

Here’s a look at how these costumes have evolved from the 1800s to the present day:

Lebanon

  • 1800s to the Early 1900s, traditional Bedouin and Ottoman styles influenced Lebanese costumes during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Oriental dance, or “Raqs Sharqi,” was not widely popularized in Lebanon then, and traditional Lebanese dance costumes were more modest and influenced by regional and tribal attire.
  • Mid 1900s: In the mid-20th century, with the rise of the modern belly dance movement, Lebanese costumes began to reflect more of the Egyptian influence. They started incorporating more elaborate beadwork, sequins, and metallic embellishments. The costumes became more revealing, similar to those seen in Egyptian performances.
  • Late 1900s to Present: Lebanese belly dance costumes today are known for their elegance and creativity. They often feature detailed beadwork, luxurious fabrics, and a blend of traditional and modern styles. Lebanese designers also bring in contemporary fashion elements, leading to a fusion of traditional and avant-garde designs.

Egypt

  • 1800s to Early 1900s: In the 19th century, oriental dance in Egypt was performed in more traditional garments, with costumes that were practical and less ornate. The early 20th century saw the influence of Western fashion and cinema, particularly with the advent of Egyptian cinema in the 1920s and 1930s.
  • Mid 1900s: The 1950s and 60s marked a golden age for Egyptian belly dance, largely due to iconic performers like Samia Gamal and Tahia Carioca. During this period, costumes became more glamorous, incorporating heavy embellishments such as sequins, beads, and metallic threads. The belly dance costume began to reflect the Hollywood glamour of the time.
  • Late 1900s to Present: Modern Egyptian belly dance costumes are known for their opulence and intricate designs. They often feature elaborate beading, sequins, and sheer fabrics. Egyptian designers continuously innovate, incorporating new materials and techniques while maintaining traditional elements. The costumes are designed to enhance movement and showcase the dancer’s skills.

Turkey

  • 1800s to Early 1900s: In the 19th century, Turkish oriental dance, or “Oryantal Dans,” was influenced by Ottoman court attire and local folk costumes. Early costumes were modest and practical, reflecting traditional Ottoman and rural styles.
  • Mid 1900s: The 1950s and 60s brought a significant shift, with the introduction of more exotic and glamorous costumes, influenced by Egyptian cinema and international trends. Turkish belly dance costumes began to incorporate more ornate and flashy elements, such as sequins and beaded fringe.
  • Late 1900s to Present: Contemporary Turkish belly dance costumes blend traditional elements with modern designs. They often feature elaborate beadwork, sequins, and luxurious fabrics. Turkish oriental dance also incorporates elements from various cultural influences, reflecting Turkey’s diverse cultural heritage. Modern costumes are designed to highlight the dancer’s movements and can range from traditional to highly stylized and contemporary.

Summary

Across Lebanon, Egypt, and Turkey, the evolution of oriental dance costumes reflects broader cultural, political, and social changes. From modest beginnings to the elaborate and glamorous designs seen today, these costumes have continuously evolved while maintaining connections to their historical roots. Each region has contributed its own flair and style, creating a rich and diverse tradition of oriental dance adornment.